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Question 1/101/10
[Security and Compliance] A Sysops administrator creates an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster that uses AWS Fargate. The cluster is deployed successfully. The Sysops administrator needs to manage the cluster by using the kubect1 command line tool. Which of the following must be configured on the Sysops administrator's machine so that kubect1 can communicate with the cluster API server?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
The kubeconfig file
B.
The kube-proxy Amazon EKS add-on
C.
The Fargate profile
D.
The eks-connector.yaml file
The kubeconfig file is a configuration file used to store cluster authentication information, which is required to make requests to the Amazon EKS cluster API server. The kubeconfig file will need to be configured on the SysOps administrator's machine in order for kubectl to be able to communicate with the cluster API server. https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/developer/running-a-kubernetes-job-in-amazon-eks-on-aws-fargate- using-aws-stepfunctions/
Right Answer: A
Quiz
Question 2/102/10
[Security and Compliance] A Sysops administrator needs to configure automatic rotation for Amazon RDS database credentials. The credentials must rotate every 30 days. The solution must integrate with Amazon RDS. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Store the credentials in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store as a secure string. Configure automatic rotation with a rotation interval of 30 days.
B.
Store the credentials in AWS Secrets Manager. Configure automatic rotation with a rotation interval of 30 days.
C.
Store the credentials in a file in an Amazon S3 bucket. Deploy an AWS Lambda function to automatically rotate the credentials every 30 days.
D.
Store the credentials in AWS Secrets Manager. Deploy an AWS Lambda function to automatically rotate the credentials every 30 days.
Storing the credentials in AWS Secrets Manager and configuring automatic rotation with a rotation interval of 30 days is the most efficient way to meet the requirements with the least operational overhead. AWS Secrets Manager automatically rotates the credentials at the specified interval, so there is no need for an additional AWS Lambda function or manual rotation. Additionally, Secrets Manager is integrated with Amazon RDS, so the credentials can be easily used with the RDS database.
Right Answer: B
Quiz
Question 3/103/10
[Deployment, Provisioning, and Automation] A company has an application that runs only on Amazon EC2 Spot Instances. The instances run in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group with scheduled scaling actions. However, the capacity does not always increase at the scheduled times, and instances terminate many times a day. A Sysops administrator must ensure that the instances launch on time and have fewer interruptions. Which action will meet these requirements?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Specify the capacity-optimized allocation strategy for Spot Instances. Add more instance types to the Auto Scaling group.
B.
Specify the capacity-optimized allocation strategy for Spot Instances. Increase the size of the instances in the Auto Scaling group.
C.
Specify the lowest-price allocation strategy for Spot Instances. Add more instance types to the Auto Scaling group.
D.
Specify the lowest-price allocation strategy for Spot Instances. Increase the size of the instances in the Auto Scaling group.
Specifying the capacity-optimized allocation strategy for Spot Instances and adding more instance types to the Auto Scaling group is the best action to meet the requirements. Increasing the size of the instances in the Auto Scaling group will not necessarily help with the launch time or reduce interruptions, as the Spot Instances could still be interrupted even with larger instance sizes.
Right Answer: A
Quiz
Question 4/104/10
[Monitoring, Reporting, and Automation] A company stores its data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company is required to classify the data and find any sensitive personal information in its S3 files. Which solution will meet these requirements?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Create an AWS Config rule to discover sensitive personal information in the S3 files and mark them as noncompliant.
B.
Create an S3 event-driven artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) pipeline to classify sensitive personal information by using Amazon Recognition.
C.
Enable Amazon GuardDuty. Configure S3 protection to monitor all data inside Amazon S3.
D.
Enable Amazon Macie. Create a discovery job that uses the managed data identifier.
Amazon Macie is a security service designed to help organizations find, classify, and protect sensitive data stored in Amazon S3. Amazon Macie uses machine learning to automatically discover, classify, and protect sensitive data in Amazon S3. Creating a discovery job with the managed data identifier will allow Macie to identify sensitive personal information in the S3 files and classify it accordingly. Enabling AWS Config and Amazon GuardDuty will not help with this requirement as they are not designed to automatically classify and protect data.
Right Answer: D
Quiz
Question 5/105/10
[Monitoring, Reporting, and Automation] A company has an application that customers use to search for records on a website. The application's data is stored in an Amazon Aurora DB cluster. The application's usage varies by season and by day of the week. The website's popularity is increasing, and the website is experiencing slower performance because of increased load on the DB cluster during periods of peak activity. The application logs show that the performance issues occur when users are searching for information. The same search is rarely performed multiple times. A SysOps administrator must improve the performance of the platform by using a solution that maximizes resource efficiency. Which solution will meet these requirements?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Deploy an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis cluster in front of the DB cluster. Modify the application to check the cache before the application issues new queries to the database. Add the results of any queries to the cache.
B.
Deploy an Aurora Replica for the DB cluster. Modify the application to use the reader endpoint for search operations. Use Aurora Auto Scaling to scale the number of replicas based on load. Most Voted
C.
Use Provisioned IOPS on the storage volumes that support the DB cluster to improve performance sufficiently to support the peak load on the application.
D.
Increase the instance size in the DB cluster to a size that is sufficient to support the peak load on the application. Use Aurora Auto Scaling to scale the instance size based on load.
Step-by-Step Understand the Problem: The application experiences slower performance during peak activity due to increased load on the Amazon Aurora DB cluster. Performance issues occur primarily during search operations. The goal is to improve performance and maximize resource efficiency. Analyze the Requirements: The solution should improve the performance of the platform. It should maximize resource efficiency, which implies cost-effective and scalable options. Evaluate the Options: Option A: Deploy an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis cluster. ElastiCache for Redis is a managed in-memory caching service that can significantly reduce the load on the database by caching frequently accessed data. By modifying the application to check the cache before querying the database, repeated searches for the same information will be served from the cache, reducing the number of database reads. This is efficient and cost-effective as it reduces database load and improves response times. Option B: Deploy an Aurora Replica and use Auto Scaling. Adding Aurora Replicas can help distribute read traffic and improve performance. Aurora Auto Scaling can adjust the number of replicas based on the load. However, this option may not be as efficient in terms of resource usage compared to caching because it still involves querying the database. Option C: Use Provisioned IOPS. Provisioned IOPS can improve performance by providing fast and consistent I/O. This option focuses on improving the underlying storage performance but doesn't address the inefficiency of handling repeated searches directly. Option D: Increase the instance size and use Auto Scaling. Increasing the instance size can provide more resources to handle peak loads. Aurora Auto Scaling can adjust instance sizes based on the load. This option can be costly and may not be as efficient as caching in handling repeated searches. Select the Best Solution: Option A is the best solution because it leverages caching to reduce the load on the database, which directly addresses the issue of repeated searches causing performance problems. Caching is generally more resource-efficient and cost-effective compared to scaling database instances or storage. Amazon ElastiCache for Redis Documentation Amazon Aurora Documentation AWS Auto Scaling Using ElastiCache for Redis aligns with best practices for improving application performance by ofloading repetitive read queries from the database, leading to faster response times and more efficient resource usage.
Right Answer: A
Quiz
Question 6/106/10
[Security and Compliance] The security team is concerned because the number of AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) policies being used in the environment is increasing. The team tasked a SysOps administrator to report on the current number of IAM policies in use and the total available IAM policies. Which AWS service should the administrator use to check how current IAM policy usage compares to current service limits?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
AWS Trusted Advisor
B.
Amazon Inspector
C.
AWS Config
D.
AWS Organizations
Step-by-Step Understand the Problem: The security team is concerned about the increasing number of IAM policies. The task is to report on the current number of IAM policies and compare them to the service limits. Analyze the Requirements: The solution should help in checking the usage of IAM policies against the service limits. Evaluate the Options: Option A: AWS Trusted Advisor AWS Trusted Advisor provides real-time guidance to help you provision your resources following AWS best practices. It includes a service limits check that alerts you when you are approaching the limits of your AWS service usage, including IAM policies. Option B: Amazon Inspector Amazon Inspector is an automated security assessment service that helps improve the security and compliance of applications deployed on AWS. It does not report on IAM policy usage. Option C: AWS Config AWS Config is a service that enables you to assess, audit, and evaluate the configurations of your AWS resources. While useful for compliance, it does not provide a comparison against service limits. Option D: AWS Organizations AWS Organizations helps you centrally manage and govern your environment as you grow and scale your AWS resources. It does not provide insights into IAM policy limits. Select the Best Solution: Option A: AWS Trusted Advisor is the correct answer because it includes a service limits check that can report on the current number of IAM policies in use and compare them to the service limits. AWS Trusted Advisor Documentation IAM Service Limits AWS Trusted Advisor is the appropriate tool for monitoring IAM policy usage and comparing it against service limits, providing the necessary insights to manage and optimize IAM policies effectively.
Right Answer: A
Quiz
Question 7/107/10
[Deployment, Provisioning, and Automation] A company has a stateless application that is hosted on a fleet of 10 Amazon EC2 On-Demand Instances in an Auto Scaling group. A minimum of 6 instances are needed to meet service requirements. Which action will maintain uptime for the application MOST cost-effectively?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Use a Spot Fleet with an On-Demand capacity of 6 instances.
B.
Update the Auto Scaling group with a minimum of 6 On-Demand Instances and a maximum of 10 On-Demand Instances.
C.
Update the Auto Scaling group with a minimum of 1 On-Demand Instance and a maximum of 6 On-Demand Instances.
D.
Use a Spot Fleet with a target capacity of 6 instances.
Step-by-Step Understand the Problem: The company has a stateless application on 10 EC2 On-Demand Instances in an Auto Scaling group. At least 6 instances are needed to meet service requirements. The goal is to maintain uptime cost-effectively. Analyze the Requirements: Maintain a minimum of 6 instances to meet service requirements. Optimize costs by using a mix of instance types. Evaluate the Options: Option A: Use a Spot Fleet with an On-Demand capacity of 6 instances. Spot Fleets allow you to request a combination of On-Demand and Spot Instances. Ensuring a minimum of 6 On-Demand Instances guarantees the required capacity while leveraging lower-cost Spot Instances to meet additional demand. Option B: Update the Auto Scaling group with a minimum of 6 On-Demand Instances and a maximum of 10 On-Demand Instances. This option ensures the minimum required capacity but does not optimize costs since it only uses On- Demand Instances. Option C: Update the Auto Scaling group with a minimum of 1 On-Demand Instance and a maximum of 6 On-Demand Instances. This does not meet the requirement of maintaining at least 6 instances at all times. Option D: Use a Spot Fleet with a target capacity of 6 instances. This option relies entirely on Spot Instances, which may not always be available, risking insufficient capacity. Select the Best Solution: Option A: Using a Spot Fleet with an On-Demand capacity of 6 instances ensures the necessary uptime with a cost-effective mix of On-Demand and Spot Instances. Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling Amazon EC2 Spot Instances Spot Fleet Documentation Using a Spot Fleet with a combination of On-Demand and Spot Instances offers a cost-effective solution while ensuring the required minimum capacity for the application.
Right Answer: A
Quiz
Question 8/108/10
[Monitoring, Reporting, and Automation] A SysOps administrator has launched a large general purpose Amazon EC2 instance to regularly process large data files. The instance has an attached 1 TB General Purpose SSD (gp2) Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume. The instance also is EBS-optimized. To save costs, the SysOps administrator stops the instance each evening and restarts the instance each morning. When data processing is active, Amazon CloudWatch metrics on the instance show a consistent 3.000 VolumeReadOps. The SysOps administrator must improve the I/O performance while ensuring data integrity. Which action will meet these requirements?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Change the instance type to a large, burstable, general purpose instance.
B.
Change the instance type to an extra large general purpose instance.
C.
Increase the EBS volume to a 2 TB General Purpose SSD (gp2) volume.
D.
Move the data that resides on the EBS volume to the instance store.
Step-by-Step Understand the Problem: The EC2 instance processes large data files and uses a 1 TB General Purpose SSD (gp2) EBS volume. CloudWatch metrics show consistent high VolumeReadOps. The requirement is to improve I/O performance while ensuring data integrity. Analyze the Requirements: Improve I/O performance. Maintain data integrity. Evaluate the Options: Option A: Change the instance type to a large, burstable, general-purpose instance. Burstable instances provide a baseline level of CPU performance with the ability to burst to a higher level when needed. However, this does not address the I/O performance directly. Option B: Change the instance type to an extra-large general-purpose instance. A larger instance type might improve performance, but it does not directly address the I/O performance of the EBS volume. Option C: Increase the EBS volume to a 2 TB General Purpose SSD (gp2) volume. Increasing the size of a General Purpose SSD (gp2) volume can increase its IOPS. The larger the volume, the higher the baseline performance in terms of IOPS. Option D: Move the data that resides on the EBS volume to the instance store. Instance store volumes provide high I/O performance but are ephemeral, meaning data will be lost if the instance is stopped or terminated. This does not ensure data integrity. Select the Best Solution: Option C: Increasing the EBS volume size to 2 TB will provide higher IOPS, improving I/O performance while maintaining data integrity. Amazon EBS Volume Types General Purpose SSD (gp2) Volumes Increasing the size of the General Purpose SSD (gp2) volume is an effective way to improve I/O performance while ensuring data integrity remains intact.
Right Answer: C
Quiz
Question 9/109/10
[Monitoring, Reporting, and Automation] With the threat of ransomware viruses encrypting and holding company data hostage, which action should be taken to protect an Amazon S3 bucket?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Deny Post. Put. and Delete on the bucket.
B.
Enable server-side encryption on the bucket.
C.
Enable Amazon S3 versioning on the bucket.
D.
Enable snapshots on the bucket.
Step-by-Step Understand the Problem: The threat of ransomware encrypting and holding company data hostage. Need to protect an Amazon S3 bucket. Analyze the Requirements: Ensure that data in the S3 bucket is protected against unauthorized encryption or deletion. Evaluate the Options: Option A: Deny Post, Put, and Delete on the bucket. Denying these actions would prevent any uploads or modifications to the bucket, making it unusable. Option B: Enable server-side encryption on the bucket. Server-side encryption protects data at rest but does not prevent the encryption of data by ransomware. Option C: Enable Amazon S3 versioning on the bucket. S3 versioning keeps multiple versions of an object in the bucket. If a file is overwritten or encrypted by ransomware, previous versions of the file can still be accessed. Option D: Enable snapshots on the bucket. Amazon S3 does not have a snapshot feature; this option is not applicable. Select the Best Solution: Option C: Enabling Amazon S3 versioning is the best solution as it allows access to previous versions of objects, providing protection against ransomware encryption by retaining prior, unencrypted versions. Amazon S3 Versioning Best Practices for Protecting Data with Amazon S3 Enabling S3 versioning ensures that previous versions of objects are preserved, providing a safeguard against ransomware by allowing recovery of unencrypted versions of data.
Right Answer: C
Quiz
Question 10/1010/10
[High Availability, Backup, and Recovery] A SysOps administrator is evaluating Amazon Route 53 DNS options to address concerns about high availability for an on-premises website. The website consists of two servers: a primary active server and a secondary passive server. Route 53 should route traffic to the primary server if the associated health check returns 2xx or 3xx HTTP codes. All other traffic should be directed to the secondary passive server. The failover record type, set ID. and routing policy have been set appropriately for both primary and secondary servers. Which next step should be taken to configure Route 53?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Create an A record for each server. Associate the records with the Route 53 HTTP health check.
B.
Create an A record for each server. Associate the records with the Route 53 TCP health check.
C.
Create an alias record for each server with evaluate target health set to yes. Associate the records with the Route 53 HTTP health check.
D.
Create an alias record for each server with evaluate target health set to yes. Associate the records with the Route 53 TCP health check.
To configure Route 53 for high availability with failover between a primary and a secondary server, the following steps should be taken: Create Health Checks: Create HTTP health checks for both the primary and secondary servers. Ensure these health checks are configured to look for HTTP 2xx or 3xx status codes. Reference: Creating and Updating Health Checks Create Alias Records: Create an alias record for the primary server. Set "Evaluate Target Health" to Yes. Associate this record with the primary server's HTTP health check. Create an alias record for the secondary server. Set "Evaluate Target Health" to Yes. Associate this record with the secondary server's HTTP health check. Reference: Creating Records by Using the Amazon Route 53 Console Set Routing Policy: Ensure the routing policy for both records is set to "Failover." Assign appropriate "Set IDs" and configure the primary record as the primary failover record and the secondary record as the secondary failover record. Reference: Route 53 Routing Policies Test Configuration: Test the failover configuration to ensure that when the primary server health check fails, traffic is routed to the secondary server. Reference: Testing Failover
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