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Question 1/101/10
Management of Lung Cancer
Management of Lung Cancer
Management of Lung Cancer
A 65-year-old patient with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and adequate pulmonary function presents for treatment. What is the standard of care for this patient?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Surgical resection (lobectomy)
B.
Definitive chemoradiation
C.
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT)
D.
Observation with serial imaging
Surgical resection, particularly lobectomy, is the standard of care for early-stage NSCLC in patients who are good surgical candidates, as it offers the best chance for cure.
Right Answer: A
Quiz
Question 2/102/10
Thoracic Trauma Management
Thoracic Trauma Management
Thoracic Trauma Management
A 45-year-old male presents with a stab wound to the chest causing hemodynamic instability. The clinical exam is suggestive of cardiac tamponade. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial intervention?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Immediate cardiopulmonary bypass
B.
Emergent subxiphoid pericardial window
C.
Transthoracic echocardiography
D.
Urgent sternotomy
In penetrating chest trauma with signs of cardiac tamponade, an emergent subxiphoid pericardial window is indicated to rapidly confirm the diagnosis and allow for timely management, rather than delaying treatment with full imaging or more invasive procedures.
Right Answer: B
Quiz
Question 3/103/10
Esophageal Disorders and Surgery
Esophageal Disorders and Surgery
Esophageal Disorders and Surgery
A 65-year-old patient presents with progressive dysphagia to both solids and liquids. A barium swallow study demonstrates a markedly dilated esophagus with a narrow distal segment, producing a classic 'bird-beak' appearance. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Achalasia
B.
Esophageal carcinoma
C.
Diffuse esophageal spasm
D.
Scleroderma
The barium swallow findings, especially the 'bird-beak' appearance, are indicative of achalasia, which is characterized by the failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax and the absence of peristalsis.
Right Answer: A
Quiz
Question 4/104/10
Pathophysiology of Thoracic Diseases
Pathophysiology of Thoracic Diseases
Pathophysiology of Thoracic Diseases
Which of the following best describes the pathophysiologic mechanism behind the development of emphysema in patients with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Proteolytic destruction of alveolar walls due to unchecked neutrophil elastase activity
B.
Chronic inflammation leading to bronchial hyperreactivity
C.
Airway obstruction secondary to mucus plugging
D.
Fibrotic remodeling of the lung parenchyma
Alpha-1 antitrypsin normally inhibits neutrophil elastase; deficiency leads to unopposed enzyme activity, resulting in the destruction of alveolar walls which is the hallmark of emphysema in these patients.
Right Answer: A
Quiz
Question 5/105/10
Thoracic Surgical Techniques
Thoracic Surgical Techniques
Thoracic Surgical Techniques
What is the most critical step in performing an anatomic pulmonary resection to prevent tumor spread?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Ensuring proper vascular control
B.
En bloc resection of the tumor with surrounding tissue
C.
Systematic lymphadenectomy
D.
Achieving adequate parenchymal margins
Proper vascular control is essential to minimize blood loss and prevent the dissemination of tumor cells during the resection. It ensures a clear operative field and reduces the risk of intraoperative complications.
Right Answer: A
Quiz
Question 6/106/10
Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery
Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery
Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery
Which of the following is a primary advantage of minimally invasive thoracic surgery compared to traditional thoracotomy in patients undergoing lung resection?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Decreased postoperative pain and shorter hospital stays
B.
Increased operative field exposure
C.
Elimination of the need for general anesthesia
D.
Lower risk of intraoperative bleeding due to larger incisions
Minimally invasive approaches reduce tissue trauma, leading to less postoperative pain and quicker recovery times with shorter hospital stays compared to traditional open thoracotomy.
Right Answer: A
Quiz
Question 7/107/10
Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology
Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology
Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology
What structural feature of the heart allows for the efficient transmission of electrical impulses between cardiac cells?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Gap junctions
B.
Desmosomes
C.
Tight junctions
D.
Collagen fibers
Gap junctions enable the rapid spread of electrical impulses between cardiac cells, ensuring synchronized contraction.
Right Answer: A
Quiz
Question 8/108/10
Management of Lung Cancer
Management of Lung Cancer
Management of Lung Cancer
For a patient with advanced NSCLC harboring high PD-L1 expression (≥50%), which treatment option has been shown to improve overall survival as a first-line therapy?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Pembrolizumab monotherapy
B.
Platinum-based chemotherapy alone
C.
Combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy
D.
Targeted therapy with EGFR inhibitors
In patients with advanced NSCLC and high PD-L1 expression, pembrolizumab monotherapy has demonstrated improved overall survival and is recommended as a first-line treatment option.
Right Answer: A
Quiz
Question 9/109/10
Thoracic Trauma Management
Thoracic Trauma Management
Thoracic Trauma Management
A 22-year-old male, following a motor vehicle collision, presents with sudden onset of dyspnea, hypotension, and tracheal deviation towards the right. What is the first-line management for this condition?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Immediate chest tube insertion on the left side
B.
Needle decompression on the left side
C.
Administration of high flow oxygen with observation
D.
Rapid fluid resuscitation with inotropic support
The described clinical picture is indicative of a tension pneumothorax. The immediate first-line management is needle decompression on the affected side (left side in this scenario) to rapidly relieve intrathoracic pressure, followed by chest tube placement.
Right Answer: B
Quiz
Question 10/1010/10
Esophageal Disorders and Surgery
Esophageal Disorders and Surgery
Esophageal Disorders and Surgery
A 58-year-old patient is diagnosed with a resectable mid-esophageal cancer. Which surgical procedure is most appropriate for achieving optimal oncologic outcomes, including adequate resection margins and mediastinal lymphadenectomy?
Select the answer:Select the answer
1 correct answer
A.
Transhiatal esophagectomy
B.
Ivor Lewis esophagectomy
C.
Three-Field esophagectomy
D.
Left thoracotomy
The Ivor Lewis esophagectomy, which involves both an abdominal and a right thoracic incision, provides superior exposure for mid-esophageal tumors, allowing for adequate resection margins and thorough mediastinal lymph node dissection.
Thoracic Surgery Qualifying Exam Practice test unlocks all online simulator questions
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Quiz name:Thoracic Surgery Qualifying Exam
Total number of questions:506
Number of questions for the test:50
Pass score:80%
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