Quiz Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Foundations 2021 Associate

Option A is correct.
For highest level of resilience you can deploy the application between regions and distribute on
availability domain and fault domains.
Reference:
https://www.oracle.com/cloud/iaas/faq.html

Option A is correct.
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure is hosted in regions and availability domains. A region is a localized
geographic area, and an availability domain is one or more data centers located within a region. A
region is composed of one or more availability domains.
Regions are independent of other regions and can be separated by vast distances—across countries
or even continents.
Availability domains are isolated from each other, fault tolerant, and very unlikely to fail
simultaneously. Because availability domains do not share infrastructure such as power or cooling, or
the internal availability domain network, a failure at one availability domain within a region is
unlikely to impact the availability of the others within the same region.
Fault domain is a grouping of hardware and infrastructure within an availability domain. Each
availability domain contains three fault domains. Fault domains provide anti-affinity: they let you
distribute your instances so that the instances are not on the same physical hardware within a single
availability domain. A hardware failure or Compute hardware maintenance event that affects one
fault domain does not affect instances in other fault domains. In addition, the physical hardware in a
fault domain has independent and redundant power supplies, which prevents a failure in the power
supply hardware within one fault domain from affecting other fault domains.
Reference:
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/General/Concepts/regions.htm

Option D is correct.
Oracle Functions is a fully managed, multi-tenant, highly scalable, on-demand, Functions-as-a-
Service platform. It is built on enterprise-grade Oracle Cloud Infrastructure and powered by the Fn
Project open source engine. Use Oracle Functions (sometimes abbreviated to just Functions) when
you want to focus on writing code to meet business needs.
The serverless and elastic architecture of Oracle Functions means there's no infrastructure
administration or software administration for you to perform. You don't provision or maintain
compute instances, and operating system software patches and upgrades are applied automatically.
Oracle Functions simply ensures your app is highly-available, scalable, secure, and monitored. With
Oracle Functions, you can write code in Java, Python, Node, Go, and Ruby (and for advanced use
cases, bring your own Dockerfile, and Graal VM). You can then deploy your code, call it directly or
trigger it in response to events, and get billed only for the resources consumed during the execution.

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Reference: https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-
us/iaas/Content/Functions/Concepts/functionsoverview.htm

Option A,D,E are correct.
You can create and manage resources in the following ways:
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Console
The Console is an intuitive, graphical interface that lets you create and manage your instances, cloud
networks, and storage volumes, as well as your users and permissions. See Using the Console.
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure APIs
The Oracle Cloud Infrastructure APIs are typical REST APIs that use HTTPS requests and responses.
See API Requests.
SDKs
Several Software Development Kits are available for easy integration with the Oracle Cloud
Infrastructure APIs, including SDKs for Java, Ruby, and Python. For more information, see Developer
Resources.
Command Line Interface (CLI)
You can use a command line interface with some services. For more information, see Developer
Resources.
Terraform
Oracle supports Terraform. Terraform is "infrastructure-as-code" software that allows you to define
your infrastructure resources in files that you can persist, version, and share. For more information,
see Getting Started with the Terraform Provider.
Ansible
Oracle supports the use of Ansible for cloud infrastructure provisioning, orchestration, and
configuration management. Ansible allows you to automate configuring and provisioning your cloud
infrastructure, deploying and updating software assets, and orchestrating your complex operational
processes. For more information, see Getting Started with Ansible for Oracle Cloud Infrastructure.
Resource Manager
Resource Manager is an Oracle Cloud Infrastructure service that allows you to automate the process
of provisioning your Oracle Cloud Infrastructure resources. It helps you install, configure, and manage
resources using the "infrastructure-as-code" model. For more information, see Overview of Resource
Manager.
Reference:
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/pdf/gsg/OCI_Getting_Started.pdf

Option D is correct.
Open a support service request with MOS option is available to paid accounts. Customers using only
Always Free resources are not eligible for Oracle Support. Limited support is available to Free Tier
accounts with Free Trial credits. After you use all of your credits or after your trial period ends
(whichever comes first), you must upgrade to a paid account to access Oracle Support. If you choose
not to upgrade and continue to use Always Free Services, you will not be eligible to raise a service
request in My Oracle Support.
In addition to support for technical issues, use My Oracle Support if you need to:
· Reset the password or unlock the account for the tenancy administrator
· Add or change a tenancy administrator
· Request a service limit increase
Reference:
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/GSG/Tasks/contactingsupport.htm

Option B is correct.
Oracle Autonomous Data Warehouse is a cloud data warehouse service that eliminates virtually all
the complexities of operating a data warehouse and securing data. It automates provisioning,
configuring, securing, tuning, scaling, patching, backing up, and repairing of the data warehouse.
Unlike other “fully managed” cloud data warehouse solutions that only patch and update the
service, it also features elastic, automated scaling, performance tuning, security, and a broad set of
built-in capabilities that enable machine learning analysis, simple data loading, and data
visualizations.
Data Warehouse uses continuous query optimization, table indexing, data summaries, and auto-
tuning to ensure consistent high performance even as data volume and number of users grows.
Autonomous scaling can temporarily increase compute and I/O by a factor of three to maintain
performance. Unlike other cloud services which require downtime to scale, Autonomous Data
Warehouse scales while the service continues to run.
Reference: https://www.oracle.com/autonomous-database/autonomous-data-warehouse/

Option B,C,E are correct.
Components of IAM
IAM uses the components described in this section. To better understand how the components fit
together, see Example Scenario.
RESOURCE
The cloud objects that your company's employees create and use when interacting with Oracle Cloud
Infrastructure. For example: compute instances, block storage volumes, virtual cloud networks
(VCNs), subnets, route tables, etc.
USER
An individual employee or system that needs to manage or use your company's Oracle Cloud
Infrastructure resources. Users might need to launch instances, manage remote disks, work with
your virtual cloud network, etc. End users of your application are not typically IAM users. Users have
one or more IAM credentials (see User Credentials).
GROUP
A collection of users who all need the same type of access to a particular set of resources or
compartment.
DYNAMIC GROUP
A special type of group that contains resources (such as compute instances) that match rules that you
define (thus the membership can change dynamically as matching resources are created or deleted).
These instances act as "principal" actors and can make API calls to services according to policies that
you write for the dynamic group.
NETWORK SOURCE
A group of IP addresses that are allowed to access resources in your tenancy. The IP addresses can be
public IP addresses or IP addresses from a VCN within your tenancy. After you create the network
source, you use policy to restrict access to only requests that originate from the IPs in the network
source.
COMPARTMENT
A collection of related resources. Compartments are a fundamental component of Oracle Cloud
Infrastructure for organizing and isolating your cloud resources. You use them to clearly separate
resources for the purposes of measuring usage and billing, access (through the use of policies), and
isolation (separating the resources for one project or business unit from another). A common
approach is to create a compartment for each major part of your organization. For more information,
see Setting Up Your Tenancy.
TENANCY
The root compartment that contains all of your organization's Oracle Cloud Infrastructure resources.
Oracle automatically creates your company's tenancy for you. Directly within the tenancy are
your IAM entities (users, groups, compartments, and some policies; you can also put policies into
compartments inside the tenancy). You place the other types of cloud resources (e.g., instances,
virtual networks, block storage volumes, etc.) inside the compartments that you create.
POLICY
A document that specifies who can access which resources, and how. Access is granted at the group
and compartment level, which means you can write a policy that gives a group a specific type of
access within a specific compartment, or to the tenancy itself. If you give a group access to the
tenancy, the group automatically gets the same type of access to all the compartments inside the
tenancy. For more information, see Example Scenario and How Policies Work. The word "policy" is
used by people in different ways: to mean an individual statement written in the policy language; to
mean a collection of statements in a single, named "policy" document (which has an Oracle Cloud ID
(OCID) assigned to it); and to mean the overall body of policies your organization uses to control
access to resources.
HOME REGION
The region where your IAM resources reside. All IAM resources are global and available across all
regions, but the master set of definitions reside in a single region, the home region. You must make
changes to your IAM resources in your home region. The changes will be automatically propagated
to all regions. For more information, see Managing Regions.
FEDERATION
A relationship that an administrator configures between an identity provider and a service provider.
When you federate Oracle Cloud Infrastructure with an identity provider, you manage users and
groups in the identity provider. You manage authorization in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure's IAM
service. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure tenancies are federated with Oracle Identity Cloud Service by
default.
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Identity/Concepts/overview.htm

Option D is correct.
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure offers two distinct storage class tiers to address the need for both
performant, frequently accessed "hot" storage, and less frequently accessed "cold" storage. Storage
tiers help you maximize performance where appropriate and minimize costs where possible.
1) Use Object Storage for data to which you need fast, immediate, and frequent access. Data
accessibility and performance justifies a higher price to store data in the Object Storage tier.
2) Use Archive Storage for data to which you seldom or rarely access, but that must be retained and
preserved for long periods of time. The cost efficiency of the Archive Storage tier offsets the long
lead time required to access the data. For more information, see Overview of Archive Storage.
The Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Object Storage service is an internet-scale, high-performance storage
platform that offers reliable and cost-efficient data durability. The Object Storage service can store an
unlimited amount of unstructured data of any content type, including analytic data and rich content,
like images and videos.
With Object Storage, you can safely and securely store or retrieve data directly from the internet or
from within the cloud platform. Object Storage offers multiple management interfaces that let you
easily manage storage at scale. The elasticity of the platform lets you start small and scale
seamlessly, without experiencing any degradation in performance or service reliability.
Object Storage is a regional service and is not tied to any specific compute instance. You can access
data from anywhere inside or outside the context of the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, as long you have
internet connectivity and can access one of the Object Storage endpoints. Authorization and
resource limits are discussed later in this topic.
Object Storage also supports private access from Oracle Cloud Infrastructure resources in a VCN
through a service gateway. A service gateway allows connectivity to the Object Storage public

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endpoints from private IP addresses in private subnets. For example, you can back up DB systems to
an Object Storage bucket over the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure backbone instead of over the internet.
You can optionally use IAM policies to control which VCNs or ranges of IP addresses can access
Object Storage. See Access to Oracle Services: Service Gateway for details.
Object Storage is Always Free eligible. For more information about Always Free resources, including
additional capabilities and limitations, see Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Free Tier.
The following list summarizes some of the ways that you can use Object Storage.
Reference: https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-
us/iaas/Content/Object/Concepts/objectstorageoverview.htm

Option A is correct.
Oracle Functions is a fully managed, multi-tenant, highly scalable, on-demand, Functions-as-a-
Service platform. It is built on enterprise-grade Oracle Cloud Infrastructure and powered by the Fn
Project open source engine. Use Oracle Functions (sometimes abbreviated to just Functions) when
you want to focus on writing code to meet business needs.
The serverless and elastic architecture of Oracle Functions means there's no infrastructure
administration or software administration for you to perform. You don't provision or maintain
compute instances, and operating system software patches and upgrades are applied automat ically.
Oracle Functions simply ensures your app is highly-available, scalable, secure, and monitored. With
Oracle Functions, you can write code in Java, Python, Node, Go, and Ruby (and for advanced use
cases, bring your own Dockerfile, and Graal VM). You can then deploy your code, call it directly or
trigger it in response to events, and get billed only for the resources consumed during the execution.
Oracle Functions is based on Fn Project. Fn Project is an open source, container native, serverless
platform that can be run anywhere - any cloud or on-premises. Fn Project is easy to use, extensible,
and performant. You can download and install the open source distribution of Fn Project, develop
and test a function locally, and then use the same tooling to deploy that function to Oracle Functions.
You can access Oracle Functions using the Console, a CLI, and a REST API. You can invoke the
functions you deploy to Oracle Functions using the CLI or by making signed HTTP requests.

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Reference: https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-
us/iaas/Content/Functions/Concepts/functionsoverview.htm

Option C is correct.
Cloud Horizontal Scaling refers to provisioning additional servers to meet your needs, often splitting
workloads between servers to limit the number of requests any individual server is getting. In a
cloud-based environment, this would mean adding additional instances instead of moving to a larger
instance size.
Cloud Vertical Scaling refers to adding more CPU or memory to an existing server, or replacing one
server with a more powerful server.
Reference:
https://cloudcheckr.com/cloud-cost-management/cloud-vs-data-center-what-is-scalability-in-cloud-
computing/
Horizontal scaling means that you scale by adding more machines into your pool of resources
whereas Vertical scaling means that you scale by adding more power (CPU, RAM) to an existing
machine.
An easy way to remember this is to think of a machine on a server rack, we add more machines
across the horizontal direction and add more resources to a machine in the vertical direction.

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With horizontal-scaling it is often easier to scale dynamically by adding more machines into the
existing pool — Vertical-scaling is often limited to the capacity of a single machine, scaling beyond
that capacity often involves downtime and comes with an upper limit.
Reference: https://medium.com/@abhinavkorpal/scaling-horizontally-and-vertically-for-databases-
a2aef778610c